Optimising Pedestrian Flow Around Large Stadiums

Yuming Dong; Xiaolu Jia; Daichi Yanagisawa; Katsuhiro Nishinari

doi:10.17815/CD.2021.117

Authors

Yuming Dong Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
Xiaolu Jia Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
Daichi Yanagisawa Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan and Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan and Mobility Innovation Collaborative Research Organization, The University of Tokyo, Chiba, Japan
Katsuhiro Nishinari Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan and Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan and Mobility Innovation Collaborative Research Organization, The University of Tokyo, Chiba, Japan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.17815/CD.2021.117

Keywords:

cellular automaton, differential evolution, pedestrian simulation, optimisation, evacuation

Abstract

This study proposes a method that combines the cellular automaton model and the differential evolution algorithm for optimising pedestrian flow around large stadiums. A miniature version of a large stadium and its surrounding areas is constructed via the cellular automaton model. Special mechanisms are applied to influence the behaviour of an agent that leaves from a certain stadium gate. The agent may be attracted to a nearby business facility and/or guided to uncongested areas. The differential evolution algorithm is then used to determine the optimal probabilities of the influencing agents for each stadium gate. The main goal is to reduce the evacuation time, and other goals such as reducing the costs for the influencing agents’ behaviours and the individual evacuation time are also considered. We found that, although they worked differently in different scenarios, the attraction and guidance of agents significantly reduced the evacuation time. The optimal evacuation time was achieved with moderate attraction to the business facilities and strong guidance to the detouring route. The results demonstrate that the proposed method can provide a goal-dependent, exit-specific strategy that is otherwise hard to acquire for optimising pedestrian flow.

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