Cover Image

Simulation and Optimization of Ground Traffic on Airports using Cellular Automata

Florian Mazur, Michael Schreckenberg

Abstract


Due to increasing numbers of airplane operations on international airports in Germany, the efficiency of airport-ground operations becomes more and more important. Some airports, such as the international airport of Duesseldorf, have reached their capacity limit and need major improvements in order to handle the continuously growing number of airplanes and passengers. Further expansion of the airport is not possible because of limited space. To improve airport-ground operations, simulations are useful for evaluating suggestions in advance and for avoiding poor planning. Therefore the CAMAT-Model was developed (Cellular Automaton Model for Airport Traffic), seeking to simulate the dynamics of all airplanes as realistically as possible. Improvements on the current layout can be simulated as well as new taxiways and new taxiing routes. In this paper, we present the new CAMAT-Model and give examples of possible improvements at the airport of Duesseldorf and their influence on average rolling times of airplanes.

Keywords


cellular automata; microscopic; airplane traffic; ground traffic on airports

Full Text:

PDF

References


Bundesministerium für Verkehr und digitale Infrastruktur: Verkehrsverflechtungsprognose 2030. Internet (2014). URL http://www.bmvi.de/SharedDocs/DE/Anlage/VerkehrUndMobilitaet/verkehrsverflechtungsprognose-2030-zusammenfassung-los-3.pdf

DFS Deutsche Flugsicherung: Luftverkehr in Deutschland - Mobilitätsbericht 2016. Internet (2017). URL https://www.dfs.de/dfs_homepage/de/Presse/Publikationen

Esser, J., Schreckenberg, M.: Microscopic simulation of urban traffic based on cellular automata. International Journal of Modern Physics C 8(05), 1025-1036 (1997). doi:10.1142/S0129183197000904

Kretz, T.: Pedestrian Traffic Simulation and Experiments. PHD-Thesis, University Duisburg-Essen (2006)

Nagel, K., and Schreckenberg, M.: A cellular automata model for freeway traffic. J. Physique I 2, 2221-2229 (1992). doi:10.1051/jp1:1992277

Schadschneider, A., Schreckenberg, M.: Cellular automation models and traffic flow. Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and General 26(15), L679 (1993). doi:10.1088/0305-4470/26/15/011

Yang, B., Monterola, C.: A General Scheme for Deterministic Microscopic Traffic Models. Part I: Theoretical Construction. In: Traffic and Granular Flow'15, pp. 451-458. Springer (2016)

Jeppesen: Total Airspace and Airport Modeler (TAAM). Internet (2015). URL http://ww1.jeppesen.com/documents/aviation/government/TAAM-FactSheet.pdf

Wood, Z., Rathinam, S., Jung, Y., Kistler, M.: A simulator for modeling aircraft surface operations at airports. In: AIAA Modeling and Simulation Technologies Conference, p. 5912 (2009)

Daganzo, C.: The cell transmission model, part II: network traffic. Transportation Research Part B: Methodological 29(2), 79-93 (1995). doi:10.1016/0191-2615(94)00022-R

Daganzo, C.: Urban gridlock: Macroscopic modeling and mitigation approaches. Transportation Research Part B: Methodological 41(1), 49-62 (2007). doi:10.1016/j.trb.2006.03.001

Yang, L., Yin, S., Han, K., Haddad, J., Hu, M.: Fundamental diagrams of airport surface traffic: Models and applications. Transportation Research Part B: Methodological 106, 29-51 (2017). doi:10.1016/j.trb.2017.10.015

Mori, R.: Aircraft taxiing model at congested airports. International Congress of the aeronautical sciences 28, 1-9 (2012)

Mori, R.: Aircraft ground-taxiing model for congested airport using cellular automata. IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems 14(1), 180-188 (2013). doi:10.1109/TITS.2012.2208188

International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO): International Standards and Recommended Practices - Annex 16: Environmental Protection. Internet (2008). URL https://law.resource.org/pub/us/cfr/ibr/004/icao.annex.16.v2.2008.pdf

International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO): ICAO Aircraft Engine Emissions Databank (2017). URL https://www.easa.europa.eu/document-library/icao-aircraft-engine-emissions-databank

Morris, K.M.: Results from a number of surveys of power settings used during taxi operations. British Airways. EJT/KMM/1126/14.8 (2005)

Khadilkar, H., Balakrishnan, H.: Estimation of aircraft taxi fuel burn using flight data recorder archives. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment 17(7), 532 - 537 (2012). doi:10.1016/j.trd.2012.06.005

Nikoleris, T., Gupta, G., Kistler, M.: Detailed estimation of fuel consumption and emissions during aircraft taxi operations at Dallas / Fort Worth International Airport. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment 16(4), 302 - 308 (2011). doi:10.1016/j.trd.2011.01.007

Balakrishnan, H., Jung, Y.: A framework for coordinated surface operations planning at Dallas-Fort Worth International Airport. In: AIAA Guidance, Navigation and Control Conference and Exhibit, p. 6553 (2007). doi:10.2514/6.2007-6553

International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO): Air traffic management. Internet (2001). URL http://www.navcanada.ca/EN/media/Publications/ICAO-Doc-4444-EN.pdf

OpenStreetMap contributors: Openstreetmap (2017). URL http://www.openstreetmap.org

Düsseldorf Airport: Geschäftsbericht 2016. Internet (2017). URL https://www.dus.com/de-de/konzern/unternehmen/zahlen-und-fakten//%7E/media/fdg/dus_com/konzern/unternehmen/zahlen_und_fakten/geschaeftsbericht/dus_gb_2016_lr.pdf

Düsseldorf Airport: Flugbetrieb am Düsseldorfer Flughafen. Internet (2015). URL https://www.dus.com/~/media/fdg/dus_com/konzern/nachbarn/flugbetrieb/pdfs/brosch%C3%BCre%20flugbetrieb%202015.pdf

International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO): Manual on Simultaneous Operations on Parallel or Near-Parallel Instrument Runways (SOIR). Internet (2004). URL https://www.bazl.admin.ch/dam/bazl/de/dokumente/Fachleute/Flugplaetze/ICAO/icao_doc_9643_manualonsimultaneousoperationsonparallelornear-par.pdf

International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO): Aerodrome Standards. Internet (1999). URL http://www.sightline.us/images/ICAOAnnex14.pdf

Oberverwaltungsgericht des Landes Nordrhein-Westfalen: Protokoll eines Vergleichs (Angerlandvergleich). Internet (1965). URL https://www.dus.com/%7E/media/fdg/dus_com/konzern/unternehmen/kapazitaetserweiterung/pdfs/angerlandvergleich.pdf

airsight GMBH: Flughafen Düsseldorf - Planfeststellungsverfahren zur Kapazitätserweiterung - Erstellung der Datenerfassungssysteme für das Referenz- und das Prognoseszenario 2030. Internet (2015). URL http://www.vm.nrw.de/verkehr/luftverkehr/Planfeststellungsverfahren/6-Bericht_-Erstellung-der-Datenerfassungssysteme-fuer-das-Referenz-und-das-Prognoseszenario-2030/06-Erstellung-der-Datenerfassungssysteme.pdf

Flightradar24 AB: flightradar24 (2017). URL http://www.flightradar24.com

International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO): Advanced Surface Movement Guidance and Control Systems (A-SMGCS) Manual. Internet (2004). URL https://www.icao.int/Meetings/anconf12/Document%20Archive/9830_cons_en[1].pdf

Tietze, S.E.: Airbus Series Vol. 1 (A318/A319/A320/A321), 1 edn. NBG EDV Handels und Verlags GmbH, Burglengenfeld (2016)




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17815/CD.2018.14

Copyright (c) 2018 Florian Mazur

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.