The Effect of National Culture on Evacuation Response Behaviour: A Cross-Cultural Survey

C. Natalie van der Wal; Erica Kinkel; Elvira R.I. van Damme; Edwin R. Galea; Michael Minkov; Frances M.T. Brazier

doi:10.17815/CD.2024.154

Authors

C. Natalie van der Wal Faculty of Technology, Policy and Management, Delft University of Technology, Delft, the Netherlands https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0010-8447
Erica Kinkel Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Delft University of Technology, Delft, the Netherlands https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9859-0390
Elvira R.I. van Damme Faculty of Technology, Policy and Management, Delft University of Technology, Delft, the Netherlands https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6618-0188
Edwin R. Galea Faculty of Engineering and Science, University of Greenwich, London, United Kingdom https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0001-6665
Michael Minkov Varna University of Management, Sofia, Bulgaria https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6919-2560
Frances M.T. Brazier Faculty of Technology, Policy and Management, Delft University of Technology, Delft, the Netherlands https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7827-2351

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.17815/CD.2024.154

Keywords:

Response behaviour, Evacuation, Culture, Self-report, Library evacuation

Abstract

Are there cultural differences and similarities in the way occupants respond to evacuation notifications? Evacuation response behaviour is characterised by the way occupants react to evacuation notifications to validate what is happening around them and prepare for evacuation movement. This study presents a cross-cultural survey based on a case study of a library evacuation to specifically explore how national culture - combined with cues and affiliation - influence evacuation response behaviour. A total of 585 adults from Czech Republic, Poland, Turkey and the United Kingdom participated in the survey. The main results show that for the three scenarios explored (1) UK participants perform significantly fewer response tasks than participants from the other countries, (2) participants from all countries first look around to see what is happening, and seek additional information as one of the first three tasks they perform, (3) Czech, Turkish and UK participants are more likely to wait for a friend/colleague in a scenario without cues than with cues. These results provide insights for safety practitioners and other stakeholders on the importance of cross-cultural research for evacuation behaviour and its inclusion in policy making and emergency preparation.

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